International Journal of Biological Sciences Volume 4
New amyloid plaques or a game of hide-and-seek?
Kun Zou, Tomoji Maeda, Makoto Michikawa, Hiroto Komano
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STAT3 Activation in Pressure-Overloaded Feline Myocardium: Role for Integrins and the Tyrosine Kinase BMX
Christopher D. Willey, Arun P. Palanisamy, Rebecca K. Johnston, Santhosh K. Mani, Hirokazu Shiraishi, William J. Tuxworth, Michael R. Zile, Sundaravadivel Balasubramanian, Dhandapani Kuppuswamy
Growth, survival and cytoskeletal rearrangement of cardiomyocytes are critical for cardiac hypertrophy. Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) activation is an important cardioprotective factor associated with cardiac hypertrophy. Although STAT3 activation has been reported via signaling through Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2) in several
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CO-releasing molecules (CORM-2)-liberated CO attenuates leukocytes infiltration in the renal tissue of thermally injured mice
Bingwei Sun, Zhiwei Sun, Qin Jin, Xi Chen
Objective: To determine whether the CO-releasing molecule -liberated CO attenuates infiltration of leukocytes in the renal tissue of thermally injured mice. Materials and methods: Twenty-eight mice were assigned to four groups. Mice in sham group (n=7) were underwent sham thermal injury, whereas mice in burn group (n=7) received 15% total body
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Differences in Trabecular Bone of Leptin-Deficient ob/ob Mice in Response to Biomechanical Loading
Hansjoerg Heep, Christian Wedemeyer, Alexander Wegner, Sebastian Hofmeister, Marius von Knoch
Objective: It is known that bone mineral density (BMD) and the strength of bone is predicted by body mass. Fat mass is a significant predictor of bone mineral density which correlates with body weight. This suggests that body fat regulates bone metabolism first by means of hormonal factors and second that the effects of muscle and loading are
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The Role of Erythropoietin as an Inhibitor of Tissue Ischemia
Nikolaos Paschos, Marios G. Lykissas, Alexandros E. Beris
Erythropoietin is a hypoxia-induced cytokine that stimulates erythropoiesis through the promotion of erythroid precursor cell proliferation and differentiation. Recent evidence supports that erythropoietin has a broad spectrum of tissue protecting actions affecting other systems than hemopoietic. Lately, research has focused on the nonhemopoietic
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Evaluation of the effects of a new drug candidate (GEMSP) in a chronic EAE model
A. Mangas, R. Coveñas, D. Bodet, M. de León, S. Duleu, M. Geffard
Chronic Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced in rats to evaluate a new drug candidate (GEMSP) for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. This work is a part of preclinical studies on GEMSP, which is made up of fatty acids, vitamins and amino acids or their derivatives; all these compounds were linked to Poly-L-Lysine. In order
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Genetic Linkage Map of Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus
Jung-Ha Kang, Woo-Jin Kim, Woo-Jai Lee
Olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, is an important fish species in Asia, both for fisheries and aquaculture. As the first step for better understanding the genomic structure and functional analysis, we constructed a genetic linkage map for olive flounder based on 180 microsatellites and 31 expressed sequence tag (EST)-derived markers.
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Identification and characterization of cancer initiating cells from BRCA1 related mammary tumors using markers for normal mammary stem cells
Athanassios Vassilopoulos, Rui-Hong Wang, Constantinos Petrovas, David Ambrozak, Richard Koup, Chu-Xia Deng
It is hypothesized that cancer stem cells arise either from normal stem cells or from progenitor cells that have gained the ability to self-renew. Here we determine whether mammary cancer stem cells can be isolated by using antibodies that have been used for the isolation of normal mammary stem cells. We show that BRCA1 mutant cancer cell lines
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Sex Hormones' Regulation of Rodent Physical Activity: A Review
J. Timothy Lightfoot
There is a large body of emerging literature suggesting that physical activity is regulated to a varying extent by biological factors. Available animal data strongly suggests that there is a differential regulation of physical activity by sex and that the majority of this differential regulation is mediated by estrogen/testosterone pathways with
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Relationship between calcium decoding elements and plant abiotic-stress resistance
Wei-Yi Song, Zheng-Bin Zhang, Hong-Bo Shao, Xiu-Lin Guo, Hong-Xing Cao, Hong-Bin Zhao, Zheng-Yan Fu, Xiao-Jun Hu
Serving as an important second messenger, calcium ion has unique properties and universal ability to transmit diverse signals that trigger primary physiological actions in cells in response to hormones, pathogens, light, gravity, and stress factors. Being a second messenger of paramount significance, calcium is required at almost all stages of
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Association between the frequency of class II HLA antigens and the susceptibility to intrauterine infection of hepatitis B virus
Yuan-yong Xu, Ji-yun Yu, Yan-wei Zhong, Hong-bin Song, Hui-hui Liu, Lei-li Jia, Shen-long Li, Jian-qiu Xu, Qiao Li
Multiple factors determine the susceptibility to intrauterine hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. These factors include the HBV structure, HBV mutation, HBV DNA level, placental barrier, the immune status of the mother, and the genetic make-ups of the newborn infants. Since HLA system is an integral component of the immune response, we hypothesized
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Screening of Human Antibody Fab Fragment against HBsAg and the Construction of its dsFv Form
Leili Jia, Jiyun Yu, Hongbin Song, Xuelin Liu, Weina Ma, Yuanyong Xu, Chuanfu Zhang, Shicun Dong, Qiao Li
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Biolsci.orgThe objective of this study was to pursue the techniques involving the screening of the human antibody Fab fragment against hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) and the construction of its disulfide-stabilized Fv fragment (dsFv). The phage antibody Fab fragments against HBsAg were screened from the human combinatorial immunoglobulin library.
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Comparative understanding of UTS2 and UTS2R genes for their involvement in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Zhihua Jiang, Jennifer J. Michal, David J. Tobey, Zeping Wang, Michael D. MacNeil, Nancy S. Magnuson
Several reports have shown that urotensin 2 (UTS2) and its receptor (UTS2R) are involved in glucose metabolism and insulin resistance, which lead to development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in humans. In the present study, we annotated both bovine UTS2 and UTS2R genes and identified 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for the former
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Mutation at Tyrosine in AMLRY (GILRY Like) Motif of Yeast eRF1 on Nonsense Codons Suppression and Binding Affinity to eRF3
Akhmaloka, Prima Endang Susilowati, Subandi, Fida Madayanti
Termination translation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is controlled by two interacting polypeptide chain release factors, eRF1 and eRF3. Two regions in human eRF1, position at 281-305 and position at 411-415, were proposed to be involved on the interaction to eRF3. In this study we have constructed and characterized yeast eRF1 mutant at position 410
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Interactions between SNP Alleles at Multiple Loci Contribute to Skin Color Differences between Caucasoid and Mongoloid Subjects
Sumiko Anno, Takashi Abe, Takushi Yamamoto
This study aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) alleles at multiple loci associated with racial differences in skin color using SNP genotyping. A total of 122 Caucasians in Toledo, Ohio and 100 Mongoloids in Japan were genotyped for 20 SNPs in 7 candidate genes, encoding the Agouti signaling protein (ASIP), tyrosinase-related
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Shedding Light on the Role of Vitreoscilla Hemoglobin on Cellular Catabolic Regulation by Proteomic Analysis
Chartchalerm Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya, Patcharee Panpumthong, Teerawit Tangkosakul, Somchai Boonpangrak, Virapong Prachayasittikul
Heterologous expression of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) has been reported to improve cell growth, protein synthesis, metabolite productivity and nitric oxide detoxification. Although it has been proposed that such phenomenon is attributed to the enhancement of respiration and energy metabolism by facilitating oxygen delivery, the mechanism of VHb
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Effect of UVA Fluence Rate on Indicators of Oxidative Stress in Human Dermal Fibroblasts
James D. Hoerter, Christopher S. Ward, Kyle D. Bale, Admasu N. Gizachew, Rachelle Graham, Jaclyn Reynolds, Melanie E. Ward, Chesca Choi, Jean-Leonard Kagabo, Michael Sauer, Tara Kuipers, Timothy Hotchkiss, Nate Banner, Renee A. Chellson, Theresa Ohaeri, Langston Gant, Leah Vanderhill
During the course of a day human skin is exposed to solar UV radiation that fluctuates in fluence rate within the UVA (290-315 nm) and UVB (315-400 nm) spectrum. Variables affecting the fluence rate reaching skin cells include differences in UVA and UVB penetrating ability, presence or absence of sunscreens, atmospheric conditions, and season and
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Bioavailability of Heme Iron in Biscuit Filling Using Piglets as an Animal Model for Humans
Adrián Guillermo Quintero-Gutiérrez, Guillermina González-Rosendo, Jonathan Sánchez-Muñoz, Javier Polo-Pozo, José Juan Rodríguez-Jerez
The objective of this work was to evaluate the bioavailability of heme iron added to biscuit filling. It comprised two stages: first, the development of the heme iron enriched biscuit filling; second, the evaluation of the bioavailability of the mineral in fattening piglets. Two groups were selected randomly and fed: a) Low iron feed and biscuits
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ParaHox genes in pancreatic cell cultures: effects on the insulin promoter regulation
Anna Rosanas-Urgell, Jordi Garcia-Fernàndez, Gemma Marfany
The gene encoding PDX1 (pancreatic duodenum homeobox 1), the main transcription factor regulating the glucose-dependent transactivation of the insulin promoter in pancreatic β-cells, clusters with two closely related homeobox genes (Gsh1 and Cdx2/3), all of them belonging to the ParaHox gene family. The ParaHox gene evolutionary history in
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Activation of the FGF signaling pathway and subsequent induction of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation by inorganic polyphosphate
Yumi Kawazoe, Shinichi Katoh, Yuichiro Onodera, Takao Kohgo, Masanobu Shindoh, Toshikazu Shiba
Inorganic polyphosphate [poly(P)] is a biopolymer existing in almost all cells and tissues, although its biological functions in higher eukaryotes have not been completely elucidated. We previously demonstrated that poly(P) enhances the function of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) by stabilizing them and strengthening the affinity between FGFs and
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Reduced white fat mass in adult mice bearing a truncated Patched 1
Zili Li, Heng Zhang, Leslie A. Denhard, Lan-Hsin Liu, Huaxin Zhou, Zi-Jian Lan
Hedgehog (Hh) signaling emerges as a potential pathway contributing to fat formation during postnatal development. In this report, we found that Patched 1 (Ptc1), a negative regulator of Hh signaling, was expressed in the epididymal fat pad of adult mice. Reduced total white fat mass and epididymal adipocyte cell size were observed in naturally
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Neurophysiologic Measurement of Continuity in the Sleep of Fetuses during the Last Week of Pregnancy and in Newborns
Adrián Poblano, Reyes Haro, Carmina Arteaga
Our aim was to measure the correlation between fetal electrocardiographic (FECG) recordings of low-risk pregnancies and polysomnographic (PSG) study parameters in low-risk infants born at term as a measurement of perinatal sleep-development continuity. We designed a short, prospective, observational follow-up of physiologic parameters between
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Quantitative analysis on the characteristics of targets with FDA approved drugs
Meena K. Sakharkar, Peng Li, Zhaowei Zhong, Kishore R. Sakharkar
Leading positions on the Internet, cited by many prestigious
sites, high exposure. Abstract indexed in Medline and PubMed, and full text in
PubMed Central.
Biolsci.orgAccumulated knowledge of genomic information, systems biology, and disease mechanisms provide an unprecedented opportunity to elucidate the genetic basis of diseases, and to discover new and novel therapeutic targets from the wealth of genomic data. With hundreds to a few thousand potential targets available in the human genome alone, target
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Primary antioxidant free radical scavenging and redox signaling pathways in higher plant cells
Hong-Bo Shao, Li-Ye Chu, Zhao-Hua Lu, Cong-Min Kang
Antioxidants in plant cells mainly include glutathione, ascorbate, tocopherol, proline, betaine and others, which are also information-rich redox buffers and important redox signaling components that interact with cellular compartments. As an unfortunate consequence of aerobic life for higher plants, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are formed by
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Transplantation of adult neural progenitor cells transfected with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor rescues grafted cells in the rat brain
Martin H. Maurer, Christine Thomas, Heinrich F. Bürgers, Wolfgang Kuschinsky
Growth factors are currently evaluated as therapeutics in stroke and neurodegeneration. Besides direct neurotrophic effects, they promote proliferation, survival, and differentiation of both transplanted and endogenous neural precursor cells (NPCs). In the current study, we investigated whether NPCs expressing Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
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