International Journal of Medical Sciences Volume 4
Association of Adiposity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Exercise Practice with the Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes in Brazilian Elderly Women
Maressa P. Krause, Tatiane Hallage, Mirnaluci Paulino Ribeiro Gama, Fredric L. Goss, Robert Robertson, Sergio G. da Silva
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Medsci.orgBackground: Diabetes incidence in people with advanced age is increasing at an alarming rate, for this reason the screening of high-risk individuals such as elderly women is critically important. Objective: To analyze the association of adiposity, cardiorespiratory fitness and exercise practice with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in elderly Brazilian
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BioShuttle-mediated Plasmid Transfer
Klaus Braun, Leonie von Brasch, Ruediger Pipkorn, Volker Ehemann, Juergen Jenne, Herbert Spring, Juergen Debus, Bernd Didinger, Werner Rittgen, Waldemar Waldeck
An efficient gene transfer into target tissues and cells is needed for safe and effective treatment of genetic diseases like cancer. In this paper, we describe the development of a transport system and show its ability for transporting plasmids. This non-viral peptide-based BioShuttle-mediated transfer system consists of a nuclear localization
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Immunohistochemical Characteristics of Bone Forming Cells in Pleomorphic Adenoma
Keisuke Nakano, Takehiro Watanabe, Takako Shimizu, Toshiyuki Kawakami
Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations were carried out in a case of pleomorphic adenoma with bone formation, occurring in the chin of a 34-year-old Japanese man. Examination results showed the modified neoplastic myoepithelial cells reacted positively to S-100 protein. The S-100-positive modified neoplastic myoepithelial cells
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Computerized two-lead resting ECG analysis for the detection of coronary artery stenosis
Eberhard Grube, Andreas Bootsveld, Seyrani Yuecel, Joseph T. Shen, Michael Imhoff
Background: Resting electrocardiogram (ECG) shows limited sensitivity and specificity for the detection of coronary artery disease (CAD). Several methods exist to enhance sensitivity and specificity of resting ECG for diagnosis of CAD, but such methods are not better than a specialist's judgement. We compared a new computer-enhanced, resting ECG
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Comment on Childhood Febrile Seizures: Overview and Implications by Tonia Jones and Steven J. Jacobsen
Efterpi Pavlidou, Christos P. Panteliadis
Do tonic and burst TMS modulate the lemniscal and extralemniscal system differentially?
Dirk De Ridder, Elsa van der Loo, Karolien Van der Kelen, Tomas Menovsky, Paul van de Heyning, Aage Moller
Introduction: Tinnitus is an auditory phantom percept related to tonic and burst hyperactivity of the auditory system. Two parallel pathways supply auditory information to the cerebral cortex: the tonotopically organised lemniscal system, and the non-tonotopic extralemniscal system, firing in tonic mode and burst mode respectively. Transcranial
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Theta, alpha and beta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation: brain modulation in tinnitus
Dirk De Ridder, Elsa van der Loo, Karolien Van der Kelen, Tomas Menovsky, Paul van de Heyning, Aage Moller
Introduction: Some forms of tinnitus are considered to be auditory phantom phenomena related to reorganization and hyperactivity of the auditory central nervous system. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive tool capable of modulating human brain activity, using single pulse or burst stimuli. Burst rTMS has only been
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Familial Polycythemia Caused by a Novel Mutation in the Beta Globin Gene: Essential Role of P50 in Evaluation of Familial Polycythemia
Neeraj Agarwal, Mariluz P. Mojica-Henshaw, Elizabeth. D. Simmons, Dottie Hussey, Ching N. Ou, Josef T. Prchal
Two polycythemic subjects from a family with multiple polycythemic subjects were evaluated. Estimation of oxygen affinity of Hb from venous blood gas parameters (P50) revealed low P50 suggesting a high affinity Hb variant. Further work up, which included beta globin gene sequencing, revealed a novel mutation changing a codon to the previously
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Chlamydia trachomatis Infection of Human Trophoblast Alters Estrogen and Progesterone Biosynthesis: an insight into role of infection in pregnancy sequelae
Anthony A. Azenabor, Patrick Kennedy, Salvatore Balistreri
The trophoblast cells are in direct contact with endometrial tissues throughout gestation, playing important early roles in implantation and placentation. The physiologic significance and the operating mechanisms involved in probable altered trophoblast functions following Chlamydia trachomatis infection were investigated to determine if C.
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Association between vitamin D receptor gene haplotypes and chronic periodontitis among Japanese men
Mariko Naito, Koichi Miyaki, Toru Naito, Ling Zhang, Keika Hoshi, Asako Hara, Katsunori Masaki, Shugo Tohyama, Masaaki Muramatsu, Nobuyuki Hamajima, Takeo Nakayama
Background: The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is involved in a variety of biological processes, such as bone metabolism and modulation of the immune response. Recent findings suggest that the pathway involving bone mineral density-mediated effects is important for the development of periodontitis, but their effects of combined VDR gene polymorphisms
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Inhibition by Natural Dietary Substances of Gastrointestinal Absorption of Starch and Sucrose in Rats 2. Subchronic Studies
Harry G. Preuss, Bobby Echard, Debasis Bagchi, Sidney Stohs
Acute oral consumption of various natural inhibitors of amylase (bean and hibiscus extracts) and sucrase (L-arabinose) reduce absorption of starch and sucrose respectively in rats and pigs measured by lessened appearance of circulating glucose levels. The present subchronic study was designed to determine whether these selected inhibitors of
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In vivo bactericidal activities of Japanese rice-fluid against H. pylori in a Mongolian gerbil model
Satoshi Ishizone, Fukuto Maruta, Kazufumi Suzuki, Shinichi Miyagawa, Masahiko Takeuchi, Kiyomi Kanaya, Kozue Oana, Masayoshi Hayama, Yoshiyuki Kawakami, Hiroyoshi Ota
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Medsci.orgPurpose: The antibiotic effect of rice-fluid on Helicobacter pylori infection was investigated using a Mongolian gerbil model. Methods: Gerbils were divided into four groups: H. pylori -infected, rice-fluid-treated animals (group A); H. pylori -infected, untreated animals (group B); uninfected, rice-fluid-treated animals (group C); and uninfected,
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Inhibition by Natural Dietary Substances of Gastrointestinal Absorption of Starch and Sucrose in Rats and Pigs: 1. Acute Studies
Harry G. Preuss, Bobby Echard, Debasis Bagchi, Sidney Stohs
Rapid gastrointestinal absorption of refined carbohydrates (CHO) is linked to perturbed glucose-insulin metabolism that is, in turn, associated with many chronic health disorders. We assessed the ability of various natural substances, commonly referred to as “CHO blockers,” to influence starch and sucrose absorption in vivo in
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Effect of 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 in experimental sepsis
Søren Møller, Finn Laigaard, Klaus Olgaard, Claus Hemmingsen
Background: In addition to the regulation of calcium homeostasis, vitamin D affects the cellular immune system, targets the TNF-α pathway and increases vasoconstrictor response to angiotensin II. We therefore examined the effect of 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 on coagulation and organ failure in experimental sepsis in the rat. Methods: Three
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The Geography of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Across Time: California in 1993 and 1999
Robert Lipton, Anirudhha Banerjee
We investigated changes in the geography of Chronic Obstructuve Pulmonary Disease (COPD) hospitalization charges in California over the period of 1993 and 1999. There is little information available at less than the county level for this increasingly costly disease in California. We found, using a uniform grid unit method, (4X4 and 16X16 mile
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Evidence-Based Dentistry: What's New?
A. Ballini, S. Capodiferro, M. Toia, S. Cantore, G. Favia, G. De Frenza, F.R. Grassi
The importance of evidence for every branch of medicine in teaching in order to orient the practitioners among the great amount of most actual scientific information's, and to support clinical decisions, is well established in health care, including dentistry. The practice of evidence-based medicine is a process of lifelong, self-directed,
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Cancer control through principles of systems science, complexity, and chaos theory: A model
Ivo P. Janecka
Cancer is a significant medical and societal problem. This reality arises from the fact that an exponential and an unrestricted cellular growth destabilizes human body as a system. From this perspective, cancer is a manifestation of a system-in-failing. A model of normal and abnormal cell cycle oscillations has been developed incorporating systems
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Efficiency of vibration exercise for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients
Klaus Baum, Tim Votteler, Jürgen Schiab
Although it is well documented that persons suffering from diabetes type 2 profit from muscular activities, just a negligible amount of patients take advantage of physical exercises. During the last decade, vibration exercise (VE) could be established as an effective measure to prevent muscular atrophy and osteoporosis with low expenditure of
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Self-reported sickness absence as a risk marker of future disability pension. Prospective findings from the DWECS/DREAM study 1990-2004
Merete Labriola, Thomas Lund
Objectives: This prospective cohort study examines number of self-reported days of sickness absence as a risk marker for future disability pension among a representative sample of employees in Denmark 1990-2004. Material and methods: 4177 employees between 18 and 45 years were interviewed using a self-administered questionnaire in 1990 regarding
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A Novel Variable Number of Tandem Repeat of the Natriuretic Peptide Precursor B gene's 5'-Flanking Region is Associated with Essential Hypertension among Japanese Females
Kotoko Kosuge, Masayoshi Soma, Tomohiro Nakayama, Noriko Aoi, Mikano Sato, Yoichi Izumi, Koichi Matsumoto
Background: Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) acts primarily as a cardiac hormone; it is produced by the ventricle and has both vasodilatory and natriuretic actions. Therefore, the BNP gene is thought to be a candidate gene for essential hypertension (EH). The present study identified variants in the 5'-flanking region of natriuretic peptide
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BRCA1 May Modulate Neuronal Cell Cycle Re-Entry in Alzheimer Disease
Teresa A. Evans, Arun K. Raina, André Delacourte, Olga Aprelikova, Hyoung-gon Lee, Xiongwei Zhu, George Perry, Mark A. Smith
In Alzheimer disease, neuronal degeneration and the presence of neurofibrillary tangles correlate with the severity of cognitive decline. Neurofibrillary tangles contain the antigenic profile of many cell cycle markers, reflecting a re-entry into the cell cycle by affected neurons. However, while such a cell cycle re-entry phenotype is an early
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Thioglycosides as inhibitors of hSGLT1 and hSGLT2: Potential therapeutic agents for the control of hyperglycemia in diabetes
Francisco Castaneda, Antje Burse, Wilhelm Boland, Rolf K-H. Kinne
The treatment of diabetes has been mainly focused on maintaining normal blood glucose concentrations. Insulin and hypoglycemic agents have been used as standard therapeutic strategies. However, these are characterized by limited efficacy and adverse side effects, making the development of new therapeutic alternatives mandatory. Inhibition of
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Relationships between free radical levels during carotid endarterectomy and markers of arteriosclerotic disease
Jagdish Gondalia, Björn Fagerberg, Johannes Hulthe, Lars Karlström, Ulf Nilsson, Susanna Waters, Olof Jonsson
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Medsci.orgBackground: Free radical production is elevated in jugular venous blood emerging from the brain in conjunction with carotid endarterectomy. This study explores the relationships between markers for lesion progression in arteriosclerosis, production of radicals and clinical characteristics. Methods: The radical production during carotid
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The characterisation of mucin in a mature ovarian teratoma occurring in an eight year old patient
Anwar Suleman Mall, Marilyn Tyler, Zoe Lotz, Alan Davidson, Jerry Rodrigues, George van der Watt, Delawir Kahn, Dhirendra Govender
Introduction: The presence of MUC5AC (M1 antigen) and MUC6 have previously been found in ovarian mucinous cyst. We characterized the mucins in the crude mucus and tissue of a mature ovarian teratoma in an 8 year old girl. Materials and Methods: Mucins were purified from crude mucus by density gradient ultra-centrifugation in CsCl and analysed by
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Childhood Febrile Seizures: Overview and Implications
Tonia Jones, Steven J. Jacobsen
This article provides an overview of the latest knowledge and understanding of childhood febrile seizures. This review also discusses childhood febrile seizure occurrence, health services utilization and treatment costs. Parental reactions associated with its occurrence and how healthcare providers can assist parents with dealing effectively with
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Characterization of erythrovirus B19 genomes isolated in liver tissues from patients with fulminant hepatitis and biliary atresia who underwent liver transplantation
Kenji Abe, Tetsuya Kiuchi, Koichi Tanaka, Yoshihiro Edamoto, Naoto Aiba, Tetsutaro Sata
Background: Fulminant hepatitis and biliary atresia are serious problems and their causes have not been explained well. We investigated whether or not erythrovirus B19 is a candidate etiologic agent in such liver disease patients who had undergone liver transplantation. Methods: Liver tissues from 47 patients consisted of 28 fulminant hepatitis
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No associations of Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric atrophy with plasma total homocysteine in Japanese
Simon Itou, Yasuyuki Goto, Takaaki Kondo, Kazuko Nishio, Sayo Kawai, Yoshiko Ishida, Mariko Naito, Nobuyuki Hamajima
Recent studies have suggested that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection might be a risk factor for atherosclerosis. Since the bacterium has not been isolated from atherosclerotic lesions, a direct role in atherogenesis is not plausible. We examined associations of plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) and serum folate, independent risk factors for
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Alterations in Arterial Blood Parameters in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis and Ascites
Konstantinos Charalabopoulos, Dimitrios Peschos, Leonidas Zoganas, George Bablekos, Christos Golias, Alexander Charalabopoulos, Dimitrios Stagikas, Angi Karakosta, Athanasios Papathanasopoulos, George Karachalios, Anna Batistatou
In cirrhotic patients, in addition to hepatocytes and Kuppfer cells dysfunction circulatory anatomic shunt and ventilation/perfusion (VA/ Q) ratio abnormalities can induce decrease in partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2), in oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (SaO2) as well as various acid-base disturbances. We studied 49 cases of
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Rasburicase represents a new tool for hyperuricemia in tumor lysis syndrome and in gout
Lisa Cammalleri, Mariano Malaguarnera
Hyperuricemia is a feature of several pathologies and requires an appropriate and often early treatment, owing to the severe consequences that it may cause. A rapid and massive raise of uric acid, during tumor lysis syndrome (TLS), and also a lower and chronic hyperuricemia, as in gout, mainly damage the kidney. To prevent or treat these
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Role of Dietary Soy Protein in Obesity
Manuel T. Velasquez, Sam J. Bhathena
Soy protein is an important component of soybeans and provides an abundant source of dietary protein. Among the dietary proteins, soy protein is considered a complete protein in that it contains ample amounts of all the essential amino acids plus several other macronutrients with a nutritional value roughly equivalent to that of animal protein of
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Genetic polymorphisms in the nucleotide excision repair pathway and lung cancer risk: A meta-analysis
Chikako Kiyohara, Kouichi Yoshimasu
Various DNA alterations can be caused by exposure to environmental and endogenous carcinogens. Most of these alterations, if not repaired, can result in genetic instability, mutagenesis and cell death. DNA repair mechanisms are important for maintaining DNA integrity and preventing carcinogenesis. Recent lung cancer studies have focused on
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Does Flavanol Intake Influence Mortality from Nitric Oxide-Dependent Processes? Ischemic Heart Disease, Stroke, Diabetes Mellitus, and Cancer in Panama
Vicente Bayard, Fermina Chamorro, Jorge Motta, Norman K. Hollenberg
Substantial data suggest that flavonoid-rich food could help prevent cardiovascular disease and cancer. Cocoa is the richest source of flavonoids, but current processing reduces the content substantially. The Kuna living in the San Blas drink a flavanol-rich cocoa as their main beverage, contributing more than 900 mg/day and thus probably have the
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A Dietary Supplement Containing Standardized Phaseolus vulgaris Extract Influences Body Composition of Overweight Men and Women
Leonardo Celleno, Maria Vittoria Tolaini, Alessandra D'Amore, Nicholas V. Perricone, Harry G. Preuss
Background: More than one billion human adults worldwide are overweight and, therefore, are at higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and a variety of other chronic perturbations. Many believe that use of natural dietary supplements could aid in the struggle against obesity. So-called "starch blockers" are listed
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Proteomic analysis of mechanisms of hypoxia-induced apoptosis in trophoblastic cells
Shin-ichi Ishioka, Yoshiaki Ezaka, Kota Umemura, Takuhiro Hayashi, Toshiaki Endo, Tsuyoshi Saito
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are published immediately. Submissions of previous review reports by other
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Medsci.orgPreeclampsia is often accompanied by hypoxia of the placenta and this condition induces apoptosis in trophoblastic cells. The aim of this study was to characterize global changes of apoptosis-related proteins induced by hypoxia in trophoblastic cells so as to clarify the mechanism of hypoxia-induced apoptosis by using the PoweBlot, an
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Functional genomics analysis of low concentration of ethanol in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. Role of genes involved in transcriptional and translational processes
Francisco Castaneda, Sigrid Rosin-Steiner, Klaus Jung
We previously found that ethanol at millimolar level (1 mM) activates the expression of transcription factors with subsequent regulation of apoptotic genes in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) HepG2 cells. However, the role of ethanol on the expression of genes implicated in transcriptional and translational processes remains unknown.
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Strength training improves muscle quality and insulin sensitivity in Hispanic older adults with type 2 diabetes
Naomi Brooks, Jennifer E. Layne, Patricia L. Gordon, Ronenn Roubenoff, Miriam E. Nelson, Carmen Castaneda-Sceppa
Hispanics are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality due to their high prevalence of diabetes and poor glycemic control. Strength training is the most effective lifestyle intervention to increase muscle mass but limited data is available in older adults with diabetes. We determined the influence of strength training on muscle quality
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HIV DNA and Dementia in Treatment-Naïve HIV-1-Infected Individuals in Bangkok, Thailand
Bruce Shiramizu, Silvia Ratto-Kim, Pasiri Sithinamsuwan, Samart Nidhinandana, Sataporn Thitivichianlert, George Watt, Mark deSouza, Thippawan Chuenchitra, Suchitra Sukwit, Suwicha Chitpatima, Kevin Robertson, Robert Paul, Cecilia Shikuma, Victor Valcour
High HIV-1 DNA (HIV DNA) levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) correlate with HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD) in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). If this relationship also exists among HAART-naïve patients, then HIV DNA may be implicated in the pathogenesis of HAD. In this study, we evaluated the
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Low socio-economic status, smoking, mental stress and obesity predict obstructive symptoms in women, but only smoking also predicts subsequent experience of poor health
Jörgen Thorn, Cecilia Björkelund, Calle Bengtsson, Xinxin Guo, Lauren Lissner, Valter Sundh
This study was conducted among female subjects to assess the possible association between selected risk factors and lung function as well as airway symptoms in a 32-year perspective. The Prospective Population Study of Women was initiated in 1968-1969 in Göteborg, Sweden (population about 450 000) with follow-ups in 1974-1975, 1980-1981,
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Grb2-associated binder 1 polymorphism was associated with the risk of Helicobactor pylori infection and gastric atrophy
Yasuyuki Goto, Takafumi Ando, Kazuko Nishio, Sayo Kawai, Yoshiko Ishida, Mariko Naito, Hidemi Goto, Nobuyuki Hamajima
Background: Various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have explained the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and gastric atrophy and cancer. This study investigated the associations of Grb2 associated binder 1 (Gab1) polymorphism and the combination of PTPN11 gene encoding src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine
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